CANDU DAN DASAR MONOPOLI KERAJAAN: KESAN TERHADAP KEWANGAN NEGERI-NEGERI MELAYU BERSEKUTU (NNMB), 1911 –1940

Abstract

This is a study of Government Monopoly Policy on opium and its impact on Federated Malay States government financial position from 1911 till 1940. This study is done because the writings on opium issues under the DMK are very limited. Most of the research were focused on opium issues before 1910. Thus, the study was conducted to fill in the lacuna of the writings on opium history in Malaya then. In 1911, the new policy on opium was introduced as a first step for opium smoking suppression. The previous policy, Opium Revenue Farming System brought many disasterous effects on Chinese community, especially the coolies who were the majority opium smokers. Using qualitative and quantitative approaches, the impact of the Government Monopoly Policy on the financial aspects of the NNMB government is detailed. The findings revealed the new policy brought enormous revenue for the government which at some point the government reluctant to ​  abolish the opium smoking for almost four decades. And the Federated Malay States government use the decline of opium revenue issue as an excuse to implement new measures in order to balance the government deficit.

Received:​​ ​2 March 20​20​

Reviewed: ​​​​​2 March 20​20​

Accepted: ​10 ​May 20​20​