The Challenges Faced by Private Higher Education in Malaysia from the 1990s to Covid-19

Abstract

The significance of private higher education institutions (PHEIs) in human capital formation, graduate employability, and the modernisation and internationalisation of a country's education system cannot be overstated. They are, however, not immune to a variety of structural, institutional, internal, and domestic obstacles. This article focuses on the issues that PHEIs in Malaysia experienced in the 1990s, 2000s, and 2010s, as well as the post-Covid-19 era in 2021. The first section focuses on the common challenges that PHEIs encounter. These include difficulties with financial and institutional administration, problems with course accreditation and institutional rating, student involvement in illegal activity, and the misuse of student passes and visas. The second section investigates the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the development of PHEIs. Emphasis is placed on the negative financial/economic impact of the breakout of the disease, as well as difficulties in adapting to the online teaching and learning process.

Received: 11 November 2022

Reviewed: 20 Januari 2023

Accepted: 21 Februari 2023