சிலப்பதிகாரம் வெளிப்படுத்தும் வணிகமரபுகள்

Trade Tradition Highlighted in Silappathikaram

Abstract

Tamil Nadu’s geographical position, surrounded by the sea on three sides, played a decisive role in shaping trade as a central element of Tamil life and economy, particularly maritime commerce. From the Sangam period to the epic age, trade conducted through both sea and land routes reflects the entrepreneurial spirit, self-reliance, and extensive foreign contacts of Tamil society. Literary works such as Tolkāppiyam, Sangam literature, Silappadikāram, and Maṇimēkalai provide rich evidence for the depth and wide spread of the Tamil commercial tradition. Interactions with foreign merchants, especially the Yavanas, resulted not only in economic exchange but also in linguistic, technological, and cultural interactions. This study attempts to examine the origin and development of Tamil trade, maritime and inland trade routes, commercial social attitudes, and overseas trade relations, based on literary source.